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|settlement_type = |coordinates_region = BA |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = Bosnia and Herzegovina |timezone=CET |utc_offset=+1 |map_caption = |timezone_DST=CEST |utc_offset_DST=+2 |latNS=N |longEW=E | native_name = | ||leader_title= Municipality president| image_map = |leader_name = |area_total_km2 = |population_total = |population_footnotes=| |population_as_of = |population_density_km2 = |pushpin_map=Bosnia and Herzegovina| latd = | latm= | longd= | longm= | area_code = +387| website = | }} Vratnik is a neighborhood in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Built in the 18th century AD, the fortified city Stari grad Vratnik (''English:'' ''The old Vratnik town''), lies in this neighborhood and is a national monument of Bosnia and Herzegovina since 2005. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】author=kulturno-nasljedje.com )〕 Vratnik is of Slavic origin and is derived from the form Bratnik, which appears in the Turkish documents in the second half of the 15th century. Others believe, Vratnik name comes from the word "vrata" (gateway or door). The old Vratnik fort is associated with its location alongside the roads by which persons and goods entered the town from east at that time. The "Imperial Road" (Carska Džada), road from Sarajevo via Višegrad to Istanbul, led over Vratnik for centuries. Vratnik is a tourist attraction primarily due to its old town architecture and Sarajevo city view lookouts. ==History== Up until the raid of the Prince Eugene of Savoy in 1697, when numerous buildings were burnt to the ground and city severely damaged, Sarajevo was an open city. In 1727, Ahmed-Pasha Rustempasic Skopljak (governor) ordered Vratnik town to be fortified. According to his decree, the defense wall was supposed to be "one-hour walk long, two yards thick, and ten yards tall." Ahmed-Pasha brought five fortress architects from Dubrovnik to supervise the construction. After it was completed in 1739, there were three tower-gates (Sirokac, Ploca and Visegrad) and five forts. Bijela/White and Zuta/Yellow fortresses are the most significant ones. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】author=sarajevo-tourism.com )〕 Legend has it that Vratnik got its name due to fact that it symbolised the "doors of Sarajevo". The fort doors, which were made out of oak wood, were closed at each sundown and again opened at sunrise. Sultan Mehmed Fatih entered through these doors and had a white mosque with sahat-kula that was built in his honor. He used White fortress as camp inside the old Vratnik town.〔(【引用サイトリンク】author=nezavisne.com )〕 Many believe the fortress wall and the towers have always been the symbols of defence and freedom, while the Martyr’s Memorial nearby cemetery is a daily reminder on the price that was paid for it. File:Sarajevo, turecký dům.jpg|Beautiful Bosnian architecture Vratnik City.JPG|Tight street spaces Old Vratnik town architecture.JPG|Old Vratnik town architecture Mišćina džamija in Vratnik.JPG|Mišćina mosque (2010) File:Old city wall (4686345048).jpg|Fortification walls and Sirokac Tower (May 1987) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vratnik (Sarajevo)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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